STRATEGIC FAMILY THERAPY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

STRATEGIC FAMILY THERAPY - Essay Example The problematic family development formulation utilizes three models; structural model that focuses on flawed family levels, the cybernetic model and the functional model, which is concerned with how a family member develops symptoms to govern others (Yarhouse & Sells, 2008). Goals for therapy formulation imply that strategic family therapy focuses, not on personality or relationships, but it relies on strategies with a focus on the problem at hand to achieve therapy goals. Condition for change formulation focuses more on action-keeping motivation high and resistance low-to facilitate change. Normal family development is concerned with changing a dysfunctional family structure to a more functional one through examination of the family structure (Yarhouse & Sells, 2008). Reasons for picking the Strategic Family Therapy Theory for the Case of Joe and Beth My counseling style focuses on identifying the root course-symptoms-of a family’s current problem and offering solutions that help fix the problem. Therefore, the Strategic Family Therapy is an excellent choice in as far as the case of Joe and Beth is concerned. There is a need to cure the symptoms or courses of Joe’s infidelity, which is strategically the root course of the problem the family is experiencing. Additionally, Joe seems to argue that, his infidelity-the symptom-is unintentional. How it fits into the theory’s definition of â€Å"normal family development† The Strategic Family Therapy theory disregards the normality concept of family development. However, at some instances, such as Haley and Madanes model, the concept of normality is held with emphasis on distinct family boundaries (Yarhouse & Sells, 2008). It considers therapy as a way in which families can be able to change solutions in the event that they are not working. Therapy should be neutral and be able to alter a dysfunctional family structure and create one that is functional without placing expectations on memb ers. The counseling and therapeutic techniques employed for this case fit into this definition and concept in the sense that; there is a common belief that families always make common but imprudent efforts solve the problem facing them, as is in the case of Joe and Beth. This results in positive feedback loop that worsens the problem (Yarhouse & Sells, 2008). Therefore, a viable option to make is to identify the rules governing the loop, the feedback loop itself and change the rules and the loop. Because of the Strategic Family Therapy, the family is given an opportunity to examine the structure of their own family and be able to better the structure. How it fits into the theory’s development of behavior disorders Strategic Family Therapy theory development of behavior disorders utilizes three models; structural model that focuses on flawed family levels, the cybernetic model-runaway reaction loops and the functional model, which is concerned with how a family member develops symptoms to govern others. Focus is on the effect of the solutions attempted by the family with respect to the problem at hand (Yarhouse & Sells, 2008). Additionally, focus is on the relationship that exists between Joe, Beth and their two sons and how marital and unresolved conflicts in the family aggravate the problem. The counseling style used fits into the theories development since it focuses on the on the symptoms of a problem and how they are developed. Joe and Beth’s Family goals for therapy The first therapy goal for Joe and Beth’s family would be to identify the reasons for Joe’s unfaithfulness. This is a crucial goal for this family’s therapy since the problem they are currently facing is because of it.

To what extent does research on past tense morphology suggest that Paper

To what extent does on past tense morphology suggest that children are born with innate knowledge of grammatical rules - Research Paper Example According to the research findings the area of language acquisition in children is full of arguments and counterarguments among major linguists. Many times, the viewpoint either group assumes completely contradicts the contrary group’s argument. The theoretical approach is in wide usage in interpretation phonological and semantic acquisition of linguistic abilities in children, and major controversies are noticeable along this dimension. Major contributors to this debate are Pinker and his colleagues on one side, and McClelland and their colleagues on the contrary side. McClelland and Patterson are largely sympathetic to the proposition of connectionists with regard to acquisition of linguistic knowledge. However, the standpoints of either team of sociolinguists are particularly divergent with regard to acquisition of past tense morphology in children. This controversy is of much interest to linguists, and necessitates further probing and examination of the tenets on which eit her ideology rests. The purpose of this paper is to debate the extent to which the two groups of researchers discuss the occurrence of innate knowledge of grammatical rule s in children. Earlier studies on the acquisition of past morphologies gave insight into a number of factors affecting the process of past tense verbal inflection in children. Kuczaj’s study was one of the pioneering works on language acquisition of language in children with regard to past tense inflection. Unlike prior presumptions about past tense inflection in children, the study showed that the regular rule of ‘ed’ is not more likely to be overgeneralized to irregular forms such as ‘hit’ than other forms of irregular forms. In addition, there was a partial validity of the one of the study’s hypotheses that the two types of overgeneralization errors highlighted by the study had inquisitional relevance. Consequently, limited use of regular verbs was significant in reducing the number of overgeneralization errors. In summary, Kuczaj (589) backs the theory that acquisition of past tense morphology in children is dependent on learning environment. Consequently, past tense inflection is not an innate process but a rule-based process based on knowledge on words and rules for processing past tense verbal inflections. Innate Understanding of Past tense with regard to Rule-Based model of language acquisition In their defense of the rule-based model, Pinker and Ullman appear to oppose the suggestion that the understanding of past tense morphology is in anyway innate in children’s acquisition of language. According to Pinker, children rely on learning to acquire knowledge on the use of past tense forms of verbs. Children learn the use of past tense from common forms of past tenses, specifically the use of ‘d’ and ‘ed’. Children then create rules based on these rules, which also explains why most mistakes made with regard to pas t tense morpho

The Benihana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Benihana - Essay Example In establishing Benihana’s unique market share the restaurant actually prepares the food in front of the customer’s eyes. This allows for a novel dining experience, and greatly contributes to the restaurant’s effective cost structure. As the restaurant found increased success, questions regarding whether to franchise the restaurant out emerged. While there were initial attempts to enact franchises, the company ultimately determined that franchising would not be successful, as the largely Japanese staff didn’t translate well into the American climate. The organization’s process flow occurs as customers are brought into the restaurant and then seated in the bar area. This element functions both to increase drink revenue and to give the customer’s an activity to occupy themselves during their wait period. When a table opens, the customers are then seated. After customers are seated the staff takes a drink order and gives them an option for soup, salad, or general appetizer. Upon returning their order is taken. The chef then arrives and prepares the order in front of the table. This is the essential aspect of the dining experience both for the restaurant and the customer. While one might believe that preparing the food in front of the table would result in an increased time, this process actually reduces labor costs while granting the customers insight into the process of food creation as well as a side-show environment. There are a number of considerations that can be made in developing the overriding strategic approach. In this context of understanding, the simulation permits users to explore a number of elements of profitability. The simulation also functions to inform the user of various aspects of operations management and allow them to better formulate strategic approaches. In this context of understanding, I experimented with a number of potential batching as a means of developing the most effective and efficient process approach. In terms of batching one of the most effective methods is to distinguish between peak and non-peak hours. In attempting a number of simulations, one of the most effective assortments is to consider the peak hours of 6pm till 8pm. Within this period it’

Final Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Final Project - Essay Example The First Amendment protects the rights of individuals, including prisoners, to their freedom of communication via letters. It makes Jail Officers wonder why other charges like harassment or deprivation from access to court were included in the complaints. Knowing the drug syndicates have lots of means to access lawyers and media, this can be a clear indication of the effectiveness of the new Mail management system against unwanted activities in jail. Or Civil Rights Groups may be right up to a certain extent. There should be more transparency and clarifications concerning the initiatives of the Department of Corrections. What should be made known to the public ought to appease every listener and definitely satisfy courts and lawyers as soon as they hear those explanations for clarifications. The government’s lawyer should be made to clarify that the procedures are merely temporary. And the reason for its being temporary ought to be further explained to judges behind closed do ors. Security measures require some level of confidentiality and private discussions among lawyers and judges only. II.Details A.Statement of Facts A new mail policy of the Department of Correction dictated the specification for incoming and outgoing communications by saying that communication â€Å"must be on a 5x7 inch pre-stamped postcard†. Even the ink color was restricted. Return address had to be either written or printed. Adhesive label was not allowed. However, there were logical reasons connected to law enforcement against the entry of contraband through mails. The other reason was not directly related to law enforcement, because the Correction Officers simply wanted to make it easier for them to manage the mails daily in the light of insufficient Staff. There was also a policy that would provide three FREE postcards per week for indigents. To be considered indigent, the prisoner â€Å"must have less than $ 10.00 balance for 45 days prior to the request for indigent supplies.† If not indigent, a prisoner will have to buy the 5 x 7 postcard for $0.50 cents per post card. As a result of these changes, the Department of Corrections received complaint suits for violating the 1st Amendment civil rights pertaining to freedom of expression. Complainants also accused the department of invading the privacy of prisoners, of interfering with the prisoners’ access to the courts, of harassing prisoners, of not having a legitimate purpose, of being unnecessarily different from most other prisons in the management of packages and letters. Is it right to heed a few legislators who wanted the Corrections Department to revert back to the original process of mailing? What should be done in response to newspaper editorials’ condemnation of the changes believed to be unnecessary? Figure 1 shows the contents of The First Amendment, as follows: Figure 1. The First Amendment â€Å"CONGRESS SHALL MAKE NO LAW RESPECTING AN ESTABLISHMENT OF RELIGION , OR PROHIBITING THE FREE EXERCISE THEREOF; OR ABRIDGING THE FREEDOM OF SPEECH, OR OF THE PRESS; OR THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE PEACEABLY TO ASSEMBLE, AND TO PETITION THE GOVERNMENT FOR A REDRESS OF GRIEVANCES.† Included in the first amendment are the following implied situations: 1. Censorship is a violation of the freedom of speech. (SCJ Stewart, Potter 1966, Ginzberg v. US, 383 US 463) 2. â€Å"The right to think is the beginning of freedom†¦speech is the beginning of thought.† (SCJ Kennedy, Anthony M. in Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition) B.

MSc Programme and project management Personal Statement

MSc Programme and project management - Personal Statement Example The PPM course is seen as an opportunity for me to put myself ahead of the increasing demand of the project and programme management job market. By putting myself a step ahead of the requirements of the job market, I can be assured that I will become what employers and project owners are looking for. But this striking vision needs to be nurtured and started somewhere and that is the course being applied to. Apart from the outstanding benefits I will derive from the course, one other reason that makes me prefer PPM is the fact that nature of the course matches who I am and what I have been able to achieve so far. First, I have a very good background in British education as I have successfully completed a four year BA business programme in Britain. This puts me in a better position to easily adapt to the British learning environment and requirements. Even though business studies and PPM are different, there is much similarity between the two, putting me at a better position to grabbing academic concepts very easily. For example it is common knowledge that most projects and programmes that require the expertise of project and programme managers are run by businesses. With my knowledge in business, I will therefore be able to have a very deep understanding of project owners. I can also have empathy for project managers in understanding issues of project urgency, cost saving, and quality co ntrol. My level of confidence expressed above as to why my background as a Business student can help me succeed with the PPM course can be backed by realistic academic abilities and achievement. For example as a Business student, I achieved very good grade in Finance, which I scored 79% and thus was graded A- in my course assignment. With my current GPA, I am confident about completing with a high 2.1 degree, which is a strong demonstration and evidence of attitude to academic work. With the

The society and community Essay Example for Free

The society and community Essay Once again, this reason leads the two characters to artificial creation and problems for society. The need for perfection shown by both Frankenstein and Swinton in the books is another reason that drives them to create artificial life. Frankenstein wants to rid the world of disease, and Swinton wishes to continue the illusion of a perfect world in order for his products to continue to sell. This need for perfection backfires considerably. For example, the creature in Frankenstein is far from physically perfect, therefore he gets shunned by society, which is one of the contributing factors to his murders: Am I to be thought the only criminal when all human kind sinned against me? Why do you not hate Felix who drove his friend from his door with contumely? Why do you not execrate the rustic who sought to destroy the saviour of his child? Nay, these are virtuous and immaculate beings! I, the miserable and the abandoned, am an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked and trampled on. Says the creature when considering his position. This shunning leads to the creature feeling jealous and angry, not to mention self-critical: accursed creator! Why did you form a monster so hideous that even you turned from me in disgust? God, in pity made man beautiful and alluring, after his own image; but my form is a filthy type of yours. Which in turn provokes him into the murders: when I became fully convinced that I was in reality the monster that I am, I was filled with the bitterest sensations of despondence and mortification. Therefore, the need for perfection is a way in which science has negative affects on individuals in society. However, Frankensteins need for perfection is lost at some stages during the novel. For example, Frankensteins shunning of his creation is far from perfect. This is another way in which science has a negative effect on society. For example, the shunning of the creation leads the creation to the murders of Frankensteins nearest and dearest in order for retribution of his abandonment. For example: and what was I? Of my creation and creator I was absolutely ignorant; but I knew that I possessed no money, no friends, no kind of property. This point is also apparent in Supertoys by the rejection of malfunctioning units. For example, the butler in the Swinton household breaks down and David says Throw it away, and well get a new one. This shows the need for perfection in the world and the throwaway attitude that is apparent. This has consequences in that it takes away peoples bare humanity. For example, David is thrown to the reject world ultimately although he was a person who could have been loved. A contributing factor that provokes the characters into furthering science is the families behind the characters. Frankensteins family encourages him to further his knowledge of alchemy, which is linked to artificial creation. Frankenstein also creates the monster because he wants a companion: No father could claim the gratitude of his child so completely as I should deserve theirs. which is linked into the loneliness of the world in Supertoys. In Supertoys, David, has no real family after his creation, this is another problem that is caused by science, and directly relevant to the creation of artificial intelligence that is not loved as though flesh and blood would be. This aspect is linked to the need for love shown by many characters in both stories. Frankenstein, his monster, David, Henry and certainly Monica all show how much they need love. For example: He loves you says Teddy regarding Davids affection for Monica. This need for love drives certain characters to create artificial life, to fill a void. This may be because of unfelt love from their families. For example, Frankenstein begins to feel disjointed from his family after moving to university. The consequence of the need for love is the creation of artificial life, which then in turn needs to be loved. However, in both novels, the artificial life form is not loved. This is what creates the negative affects on society. Another way in which science has a negative effect on individuals in society is the effect the creations have on the creators. For example, throughout Frankenstein, Frankenstein is afraid of his creation and what he might do. Frankenstein cannot care for his creation and spends his whole life in fear. For a large part of his life Frankenstein is forced to follow his creation, in a vain attempt to banish him from society due to the problems he is causing. This pursuit eventually kills him. This can be blamed on himself easily, for he is the one who used science irresponsibly and the consequences backfired upon him. However, this is still a negative effect on society caused by science. Similarly, Henry, eventually, labours to reacquaint himself with David. This comes about after his sense of guilt after abandoning his child. However, these psychological problems are not as important as the prejudices that the new technology brings forward, particularly in Supertoys. This can be explained further by saying that the humans in the artificial world are prejudiced towards the perfect world, and perfect people. What would happen if somebody came along who wasnt perfect? For example, David. David was imperfect in that he was an android and technically he was malfunctioning. Because of this, he was thrown on the scrap heap. This is a problem caused by technology, because it created the prejudices by creating a world where everything is perfect and seamless, nothing is real. Overall, the main scourges of the societies in both books are the artificial creatures and therefore, the creators of these monsters. The creation in Frankenstein shows how science can be used irresponsibly to have negative effects on individuals in society through tactical murder and destruction. The creations in Supertoys show how science can have a negative effect on society by creating social divides, a superficial, prejudiced, fake, lonely, ignorant, arrogant, selfish, inconsiderate, narrow-minded and insecure world in which nothing is solid. The books can be linked to Genesis and Paradise Lost in that they all involve creation, that was well intended but did not turn out as expected. In all four novels the creation was given a world, or habitat, but either they abused it, or inadvertently caused suffering for other members of the community. The authors use the characters of Frankensteins monster and David accompanied by the society and community by the two worlds of the two novels to show how science can be used irresponsibly to have negative effects on society and the individuals within it.

A Study Of Leonardo Da Vinci

A Study Of Leonardo Da Vinci Leonardo Da Vincis diligent research, scientific concepts, and numerous inventions prove to be crucial parts of the modern world. He has shown that with hard work and patience, anything can be achieved. Leonardo excelled in anatomy, physics, engineering, and the arts. Leonardo Da Vinci followed the philosophy that the truth would lead him, as opposed to himself leading the truth, meaning that he would not lie about the truth to become famous. With this thought, Leonardo pursued a never-ending adventure to seek truth. To seek the truth, Leonardo went into anatomy, which was one of his strong points. Some say that Da Vinci is the father of anatomy and that his discoveries of the human body greatly affected the world, during the Renaissance and in present day. With his skills in drawing, Leonardo chose to sketch his discoveries, in anatomy, rather than writing about them like most other scientists in the 1500s. He thought that it was more efficient and was more easily explained. As they say, a picture is worth a thousand words. Leonardo Da Vinci greatly increased the knowledge society has acquired over the years through countless dissections of the human body. His fascination for the human body led him to many great discoveries. It had been thought by the many Renaissance scientists that the male was more crucial than the female, but Da Vinci thought differently. Leonardo was credited as the first to dissect a womans body; he found that the female body was much more complex than that of the male body. He then concluded that the female played the more important role in reproduction than the counterpart male. Because of his ambition, he went farther than dissecting a female, and was credited as the first to dissect a fetus. Through dissection, Leonardo understood the human body better than most other doctors and scientists of his time. Through his dissections, Leonardo discovered that major arteries had become clogged with substances in dead human bodies. Leonardo concluded that depending on what foods individuals ate, the substance was more likely to build up in the major arteries. This means that Leonardo Da Vinci discovered heart disease and could have saved millions of lives, but because he never published any of his discoveries and research, it was not taken seriously. One of the motives of his anatomical career was to hopefully find the location of the soul within the human body. Along with finding the soul, he drove to find the Golden Ratio which is a mathematical equation, dealing with the size and proportions of the body, which was thought to be common between all human beings. In the 1500s, dissection of the dead broke many religious rules and was frowned upon by society. It was also a very risky activity because it was not sanitary. Because of the Black Plague, any job dealing with dead corpses was dangerous to the workers, but this did not stop Leonardo. Leonardo would let nothing stand in his way to gain knowledge. Sadly in 1514, five years before he passed away, Leonardo was sent to the Vatican in Rome to be examined by the Pope and the cardinal staff. Every note he had taken in his pursuit of anatomical success was brought along and also examined. Leonardo was unofficially being charged with multiple counts of necromancy and witchcraft. Because Leonardo was such a crucial member to society, the Pope, Leo X, ordered Leonardo to cease his anatomical research. Although Leonardos career of anatomy ended, his notes and drawings of his anatomical research were passed along and are still used today. Although Leonardo never published any of his work, there is a large amount of evidence that he discovered everything he was credited for. If not for his extensive journaling and note taking, there would be almost no evidence of Leonardo Da Vincis success. By writing down all of his thoughts and studies, he compiled multiple notebooks and journals. Some journals consisted of 13,000 pages. Almost everything he ever thought was recorded in those notes. Those thoughts range from babies to helicopters, and everything in-between. When Leonardo Da Vinci fled to Venice because of the invading French, he was employed as the head Military Engineer. In Venice, he made multiple inventions to protect the city walls and to scale the city walls. Along with war machines, like the military tank that he invented, Leonardo also invented an assortment of musical instruments, a steam powered cannon, finned mortar shells to increase accuracy, and crank mechanisms. Leonardo Da Vinci was fascinated by the flight of birds and tried to recreate flight. Leonardo tried to recreate flight by using man-powered flying contraptions, gliders, and helicopters. In most of his inventions, Leonardo used pulleys, gears, and springs to accomplish the impossible. To power many of his inventions, Leonardo used the water wheel in flowing water. Leonardo not only made inventions for flight but also inventions to accomplish tasks in the water. Da Vinci invented the life preserver, an unsinkable ship, at the time, with two hulls, ways to sink ship s from underwater, shoes to walk on water, and a device to breathe underwater. In 1478, Leonardo and his master Verrocchio jointly painted the Baptism of Christ. This painting is known worldwide for its beauty, lifelike figures, and stunning background. In the 1480s, Da Vinci started three paintings, but only finished one. Leonardo Da Vinci entered a depression in the 1480s which caused him to not finish the two other paintings. In 1498, Leonardo finished The Last Supper which depicted Jesus Christ and His disciples having His last meal before being crucified by Pontius Pilate. The Last Supper was and still is an incredibly famous painting, but because Leonardo used his own mix of paint, instead of the normal fresco paint, the painting quickly deteriorated but is still visible. Along with The Last Supper, in 1507 Leonardo finished Mona Lisa, which is another world famous painting. Because he used the fresco paint, the painting is still well preserved. Without Leonardo Da Vinci, the modern world would be much changed. Through his extensive research and studies, Leonardo has provided modern day with new medical studies based off of his. Leonardos well written and drawn notes and journals are still being analyzed and being applied to modern medicine, while his beautiful paintings provide an insight into the culture of the Renaissance time period. In all, Leonardo Da Vinci has proven himself, time and again, that he is a genius.